Full scale applications with standard wheelrail profiles will be modeled in the near future. Purchase mechanics and fatigue in wheelrail contact 1st edition. Proceedings of the 1st international and 16th national conference on machines and mechanisms inacomm20, iit roorkee, india, dec 1820 20 an approximate analysis for hertzian elliptical wheel rail contact problem jay prakash srivastava department of mechanical engineering. As the wheel and the rail are both bodies of revolution it is possible to describe this geometry by using the radii of curvature in. A new approach to study the wheelrail contact problem in railway dynamics joao pombo, jorge ambrosio idmecinstituto superior tecnico, lisbon, portugal. Pdf advanced modelling of rail vehicle dynamics requires realistic solutions of. This radius can be different for the right and the left wheel as a wheelset is moving along a track r1 andr2 respectively, as shown in. Guide wheel rail gear system allows excavator to be propelled by the drive system of the machine dmf 1650 50,000 lbs.
Parameters n and m for contact pressure were set in 10 and 8, respectively. Mechanics and fatigue in wheelrail contact 1st edition. Proceedings of the institution of mechanical engineers, part f. Work on rails, at crossings and at the side of tracks. Tribology of the wheelrail contact aspects of wear, particle. This section therefore presents an appropriate model for a single wheelrail contact which. A tool to estimate the wheelrail contact and temperature rising under dry, wet and oily conditions abstract in this paper, finite element method fem has been applied to evaluate the wheelrail contact stress under different contact conditions.
Reese has always strived to provide the right trailer towing system for each application. Determination of geometric contact characteristics for given wheel and rail profiles, wheel and rail gauge, and railhead cant angles is a wellknown and solved problem for many years. Wheelrail interface handbook is a onestop reference for railway engineering practitioners and academic researchers. Wheel rail interface handbook is a onestop reference for railway engineering practitioners and academic researchers. Wheel plate and tread profiles of any shape can be produced for all freight, locomotive and passenger operations. A generic wheelrail contact detection formulation is presented here in order to determine online the contact points. An adhesion railway relies on adhesion traction to move the train.
You will still receive priority support for these products through aic. Determination of wheelrail contact points in the simulation. The computational robustness of the wheelrail contact model is critical in vehicle system dynamics simulations. Wheel and straight track which is such that the unit vectors t. The extensions of contact for wheel rail contact analysis are provided on a commercial basis, using a licensing mechanism. Pdf wheelrail contact models for vehicle system dynamics. Jan 12, 2016 compared with the roller rig for test on a complete vehicle, the high controllability and flexibility of the single wheelset roller rig make it possible to obtain adequate data on the dynamics of the system and on wheelrail contact under various conditions which are essential for investigating the adhesion and creep of the wheel over the rail. Clearly, the pressures at the key interface are very high, considerably in excess of the normal yield stress. Review of joost kalkers wheelrail contact theories and their.
A new approach to study the wheelrail contact problem in. A new wheelrail contact model for railway dynamics. Wheelrail contact properties an important characteristic of the contact between wheel and rail is the rolling radius of a wheel at the contact point 2, 3. Aic rail has partnered with highquality, likeminded companies in an effort to provide complete solutions for our rail customers. This entry describes the tribological system of the wheel and rail contact area of railway vehicles. Wheel and tire packages we sell tires and wheels, auto wheels, aftermarket wheels, car wheels, car rims, big wheels, new wheels, cheap tires,wheels online at discounted prices. Part one provides the fundamentals of contact mechanics, wear, fatigue and lubrication as well as stateoftheart research and emerging technologies related to the wheel rail interface and its management. The extensions of contact for wheelrail contact analysis are provided on a commercial basis, using a licensing mechanism. The dynamic wheelrail contact stresses for wagon on. As the wheelrail contact is an open system, the adhesion between the wheel and rail is inevitably affected by contaminants. The hybrid energy storage system can be integrated in. The main attention was paid to low adhesion issues, associated with the application of these products, because low adhesion can. The linear conical wheel profile widely used before has burst linear. Outofround railway wheels wheelrail contact forces and track response derived from field tests and numerical simulations.
This paper aims to investigate the influence of the asmanufactured steel microstructure and hardness along with the influence of wheelrail contact conditions on the observed damage such as rolling contact fatigue rcf cracks and plastic flow on the tread of railway wheels. A tool to estimate the wheelrail contact and temperature. Increasing the availability of rail vehicles by increasing the line voltage y sitras hes enables operation without overhead contact line y energyefficient drive system for diesel multiple units and diesel shunting locomotives. Wheel rail contact properties an important characteristic of the contact between wheel and rail is the rolling radius of a wheel at the contact point 2, 3.
The second widely used approach for friction modification at the wheelrail interface is a method of flange lubrication. Measuring wheelrail contact stresses using ultrasound m. An approximate analysis for hertzian elliptical wheelrail. The solid model of rail wheel contact model is created in catia v5. The premium version of contact automates the processing of wheel and rail profiles. The established model of the wheelrail contact dynamics has been applied to that same roll plane but. The new dlr railwaydynamics library, to which this. The influence of wheelrail contact conditions on the. Stecco, university of florence, italy abstract the numerical simulation of system dynamics is today a standard in the design. Methods to calculate accurate wheelrail contact positions and static. This is why we offer as many as ten different trailer hitches for a single vehicle. Comsteel utilises experienced personnel and sophisticated in house laboratories to develop material solutions to enhance wheel performance in specific applications.
The material used for the railwheel contact is structural steel which isotropic behavior. Concerning the rail coordinate system, xb is parallel to the track direction, yb is on the plane defined by the rails and normal toxb, zb wi tr a nscti o engineering sciences, vol 62, 2009 wit press. When traversing a curve, the angle of attack changes where leading wheel of. Specify section and weight of rail and width of crossing. New wheels are trued, using a lathe, to a specific profile. As the wheel rail contact is an open system, the adhesion between the wheel and rail is inevitably affected by contaminants. A train wheel or rail wheel is a type of wheel specially designed for use on rail tracks.
A steel wheel requires very little energy to roll on a steel rail. Huge selection of quality brands in chrome wheels rims, wheel rim and tire packages for your car. Bogie bas 2000 for that reason, the classical approach is unsuitable because in the present case, each wheel of the vehicle should be considered separately. Reasonable solution method would reduce the computational effort and improve the solution efficiency in a certain extent. Examination of the contact between the wheel and rail in curving action, as shown in figure 6, shows that the wheel tread makes contact at the top of the high rail while the wheel flange applies curving and steering lateral forces at the gauge face. The area of surface contact varies when the locomotive or car is in motion depending on steady state forces and other external forces when in motion. A complete australia wagon with threepiece bogies was modelled and various tracks were selected for the simulation of dynamic wheel rail contact stresses. This paper describes the theory of frictional rolling contact as far as it is significant for the wheel rail system. Passenger comfort evaluations and lading damage studies can be performed with nucars by simulation of vehicles running over measured track data. This solves contact problems for wheels on rollers and provides extensions to the contact library. Friction in wheel rail contacts universiteit twente. Low adhesion in the wheelrail contact tu delft repositories. The main goal of this thesis was to clarify the effect of the applied quantity and chemical composition of topofrail products on adhesion.
The main cause of the vibrations generated by railway traffic is the irregularities of the wheel and rail profiles. This is because the wheel and rail deform very little under load, unlike a rubber. Wheel rail contact calculator file exchange matlab central. Introduction the assessment of structural integrity is a key part of mechanical engineering design. At the point or points where the wheel touches the rail a contact patch develops. The standalone contact program for wheel rail contact. Understanding the effects of track gauge, wheelrail. The wheel rail contact is no exception, where an understanding of interface pressures is essential, as this information is required in both fatigue and wear calculations for the.
Output of various wheelrail contact parameters such as creep forces, contact angles and wheel rolling radii allow a detailed study of the wheelrail interaction. What is the size of the contact surface of train wheels. The program includes detailed nonlinear models of wheelrail interaction and suspension response, with wheelrail interaction based on kalkers complete nonlinear creep theory. Interface journal the journal of wheelrail interaction. This is a minor update that provides improvements in the wheelrail contact module and the contact library. Traktionsstromrichter doppelschichtkondensatoren traktionsbatterie.
Wheel rail profiles and vehicle steering behavior are such that the curve can be considered mild the contact area at each wheel tread low rail interface is approximately circular, with a typical radius of 7mm. A rolling component is typically pressed onto an axle and mounted directly on a rail car or locomotive or indirectly on a bogie uk, also called a truck north america. Management on energy savings and sustainability railroad wheels and rails are made of high strength steel. Aug 24, 2015 to compensate, the outer wheel endeavours to make the inner wheel revolve more rapidly than the ideal and if successful, the consequence is positive scuff on the low rail.
Wheelrail contact properties an important characteristic of the contact between wheel and rail is the rolling radius of a wheel at the contact point 3. Gemco rail is able to provide a complete range of services for freight, locomotive, and passenger wheels and axles. Appendix a effect of wheelrail profiles and wheelrail. New developments in the theory of wheelrail contact. Applications are in the areas of vehicle design, safety performance evaluation, rail vehicle and track research, derailment investigation, and general simulation of. Hence, the wheelrail rolling contact has been a hot issue. These irregularities generate fluctuations of the wheel rail contact force, which are responsible for the generation and transmission of vibrations to the environment as well as for fatigue damage and wear of the rolling stock. Adhesion traction is the friction between the drive wheels and the steel rail. A new solution method for wheelrail rolling contact. This method becomes important for the vehicle running through. Determination of wheelrail contact points in the simulation of railway vehicle dynamics j. The key requirement to calculate the fatigue and wear levels of wheels and rails is to establish a method that can accurately represent the.
Rail sections tee rail data diagram dimensions for tee rail data table ht height bw width of base hw width of head. The size and shape of this contact patch can be calculated from the normal force, the local geometry of the wheel and the rail and the material properties. The term adhesion railway is only used when there is need to distinguish adhesion railways from railways moved by other means, e. Measuring wheelrail contact stresses using ultrasound. A single contact patch between the wheel and the rail is typically the size of a small coin. Accurate and efficient contact models for wheel rail interaction are essential for the study of the dynamic behaviour of a railway vehicle. Whether you are refurbishing, manufacturing, or maintaining rollingstock, our experienced and qualified staff and stateoftheart workshop facilities, can produce wheelset, bogies and bearing to oem specifications. A survey of wheelrail contact models for rail vehicles. A new wheelrail contact model for railway dynamics article pdf available in vehicle system dynamics 452. Wheel rail profiles and vehicle steering behavior are such that the curve can be considered mild the contact area at each wheel tread low rail interface is approximately circular. Contaminants, which refer to foreign substances applied both intentionally and unintentionally the wheel to rail interface, can make wheelrail adhesion either too high or too low and to difficult predict.
The rolling radius difference is dependent on the contact angle between wheel and rail and on the local curvatures of wheel and rail profiles. The other typical contact area between rail and wheel, that is, the wheel tread area and the rail surface or top of rail, is not subject of this entry, but is covered in a separate one, which specifically deals with reduction of noise and wheel squealing in railway operations. Analysis of wheelroller contact and comparison with the. Presented at the 6th international conference on contact mechanics and wear of rail wheel systems cm2003 in gothenburg, sweden june 10, 2003 submitted to wear journal june 2003 optimal design of wheel profile for railway vehicles i.
The results show that the maximal normal wheel rail contact stresses is under 1600mpa in a range of conditions typical of normal operation. This paper aims to investigate the influence of the asmanufactured steel microstructure and hardness along with the influence of wheel rail contact conditions on the observed damage such as rolling contact fatigue rcf cracks and plastic flow on the tread of railway wheels. Rain water, leaves, and artificial materials may all be present on the railway track. The paper presents an analysis of the effects of creepages on wheel rail contact forces. Numerical models of railway tracks for obtaining frequency. This includes many improvements to the new wheelrail contact module, and has many options added to the free version. This is a minor update that provides improvements in the wheel rail contact module and the contact library. Wheels are cast or forged and are heattreated to have a specific hardness. Less likely, the inner wheel tries to make the outer wheel turn slower, success resulting in negative scuff on the high rail. The contact model between wheel and rail is approximated to be elliptical, which is shown to be accurate for the described purpose.
Friction management and control of adhesion at the wheelrail interface is vital for an efficient and cost effective railway network. The first part, mostly nonmathematical, contains a historical survey from the times of carter and fromm 1926 to the present day, in which all aspects. Presented at the 6th international conference on contact mechanics and wear of railwheel systems cm2003 in gothenburg, sweden june 10, 2003 submitted to wear journal june 2003 optimal design of wheel profile for railway vehicles i. The first part, mostly nonmathematical, contains a historical survey from the times of carter and fromm 1926 to the present day, in which all aspects of rolling contact theory are discussed. Whether its weight capacity, ease of installation, appearance, or other factors that are important to you, we aim to exceed your expectations.
Also parameters phi1 and phi2 for johnson and kalker methods were set. A generic wheelrail contact detection formulation is presented here in order to determine the coordinates of the contact points by introducing surface parameters that describe the geometry of the. At wheelrail contact, hertz equation can only be applied at the contact between wheel and rail head 2, however, not at the contact between wheel flange and gage corner since the radius of the contact body is smaller than the radius of contact area 5. The dynamic wheelrail contact stresses for wagon on various. Modeling of energy processes in wheelrail contacts operating. Control trackside vegetation, build and repair railroad crossings, clean up landslides or replace rails and ties with the industrys most versatile and mobile maintenance machines. A new approach to study the wheel rail contact problem in railway dynamics joao pombo, jorge ambrosio idmecinstituto superior tecnico, lisbon, portugal. Analysis of rail wheel contact stresses by using ansys ansys is finite element analysis software which enables engineers to perform the following tasks. Understanding the wheelrail interface part one the. Materials used for wheels on rolling stock railway research.
The internal side rail in this contact is worn intensively 24. The wheel rail contact inevitably operates in a contaminated environment. It is furnished complete with steel face plate, shim, track bolts, nuts and. The rail steel can be assumed to have a shear yield strength of k70 ksi. Some materials are deliberately applied to the rail to increase traction, reduce wear, or postpone the onset of fatigue. Assessment of the contact forces and moments, as well. Any quantity from a single item to delivery quantities of many thousands are possible from our facility.
Appendix a effect of wheelrail profiles and wheelrail interaction on system performance and maintenance in transit operations unfortunately, this book cant be printed from the openbook. Materials used for wheels on rolling stock katrin madler, manfred bannasch deutsche bahn ag, technical centre, brandenburgkirchmoser, germany 1 introduction in the contact area between the wheel and the rail, the materials are used in those components encounter the greatest demands. The standalone contact program for wheelrail contact. This radius can be different for the right and the left wheel as a wheelset is moving along a track r 1 andr 2 respectively, as shown in figure 2. Due to the unique nature of the comsteel rail wheel manufacturing facility, we offer complete flexibility in product supply quantities. Compared with the roller rig for test on a complete vehicle, the high controllability and flexibility of the single wheelset roller rig make it possible to obtain adequate data on the dynamics of the system and on wheelrail contact under various conditions which are essential for investigating the adhesion and creep of the wheel over the rail. The position of the mass center and of the wheel contact point are given by the. The investigation of contact area and pressure distribution in. Creepages are related to the motion of wheelset and wheel rail contact parameters.
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